The Statistic F (from Internet Glossary of Statistical Terms)

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The Statistic F
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Named for the great statistician R. A. Fisher, the statistic (F) is the ratio of two s²'s (i.e. estimates of a population variance, based on the information in two or more random samples).

When employed in the procedure entitled ANOVA, the obtained value of F provides a test for the statistical significance of the observed differences among the means of two or more random samples.